Learning English grammar hard.

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所有的句子都是 简单句、并列句、复合句 这三种类型

从句

名词性从句

主要作用是将一个句子降级成名词，因为一个句子只能有一个谓语动词，用作连接句子

主语从句：

That he like football surprised us.

名词(主语)：That he like
及物动词(谓语)：surprised
名词(宾语): us

宾语从句

He said that he like football.

名词(主语)：He
及物动词(谓语)：said
名词(宾语): that he like football

表语从句

The fact is that he like football.

名词(主语)：The fact
be动词(系语)：is
名词(表语): that he like football

同位语从句

同位语起解析说明名词的作用，和其解析的名词相等，同位语是[名词]。

如：

  • 主语，同位语: Yusuf, a young man, love spring., 解析说明名词 Yusuf
  • 主谓宾，同位语: Yusuf live spring, on of the four season, 解析说明spring

同位语从句只会用 that

The fact that he like football surprised me.

名词(主语)：The fact that he like football
同位语从句：that he like football
及物动词(谓语)：surprised
名词(宾语): me

He said the fact that he like football.

名词(主语)：He
及物动词(谓语)：said
名词(宾语): the fact that he like football
同位语从句：that he like football

定语从句

什么是定语从句?
修饰限定名词，汉语中 “的” 前面的内容：红红的花. (英文跟中文相反，一定注意不要头重脚轻，比较长的形容语句要放在后面)

graph LR;
A("定语")-->B("形容词. (短一些)")
A-->C("短语或从句. (长一些)")

结构：
定① 主语 定② 谓语 定① 宾语 定②

主语：定① 主语 定②
谓语：动词
宾语：定① 宾语 定②

定①例子：
A beautiful girl shared a fascinating story.
那个漂亮的那还分享了一个迷人的故事.

定语①(形容词)：beautiful
主语：a girl
谓语(动词)：shared
定语①(形容词): fascinating
宾语：a story

定②例子：
A girl from Mars shared a story about her people.
那个来自 Mars 的女孩分享了一个关于她的人民的故事

主语：a girl
定语②(介宾短语)：from Mars
谓语(动词)：shared
宾语：a story
定语②(介宾短语): about her people.

不定式短语例子：
A task to tackle is the potential crisis
一项需要解决的任务是潜在的危机

主语：a task
定语②(不定式短语)：to tackle
系语(Be动词)：is
定语①(形容词): potential
表语(名词)：crisis

定语从句例子：
A girl who likes spring shared a story which moved us.
一个喜欢春天的女孩分享了一个打动了我们的故事

主语：a girl
定语②(定于从句)：who likes spring
谓语(动词)：shared
宾语：a story
定语②(定于从句)：which moved us

终极例子：
A beautiful girl from Mars who likes srping shared a fascinating story about her people which moved us.
一个美丽的例子火星的喜欢春天的女孩分享了一个迷人的关于她的人民的打动了我们的故事.

主语：a girl
定语①(形容词)：beautiful
定语②(介宾短语)：from Mars
定语②(定于从句)：who likes spring
谓语(动词)：shared
定语①(形容词): fascinating
宾语：a story
定语②(介宾短语): about her people.
定语②(定于从句)：which moved us

状语从句

什么是状语：

  • 副词： 修饰动词，walk slowly (慢慢地走)。 修饰形容词或定语, slightly higher (稍微高点)、 petty tall(挺高的)
  • 起副词作用的句子 –> 状语从句
  • 按作用分：
    • 时间状语(从句)：何时？
      • 简单句：
        • He came yestoday
      • 从句：
        • He called me when I was sleeping.
    • 地点状语(从句): 在哪？
      • 简单句：
        • He celebrated his birthday at school.
      • 从句：
        • We met where we used to go for a walk.
    • 原因状语(从句): 为啥？因为…
      • 简单句：He like spring for its beauty.
      • 从句(除了since前后都可以之外，其他的都靠后)：
        • He likes spring for it is beautiful.
        • He like spring because it is beautiful.
        • He like spring as it is beautiful.
        • He like spring since it is beautiful.
    • 条件状语(从句): 在什么情况下？如果..； 只要…; 只有…
      • If you win, there will be a reward.
      • As long As you win, there will be a return
    • 目的状语(从句): 为啥？为了…; 怎样才能….
      • 简单句：
        • I study for my well-being.
        • I don’t spend extra to save money.
        • I don’t spend in order to save money.
      • 从句：
        • I don’t spend so that I can save money.
    • 结果状语(从句): 导致了啥？结果…; 以至于…
      • He tried so hard that he finally succeeded.
    • 让步状语(从句): 转折的前奏: 虽然…
      • Although you have a point there, I don't agree with your proposal
    • 方式状语(从句): 怎么做的/发生的？用…；通过…
      • 简单句：
        • I learn English through an online course.
        • I contact my friends via Wechat.
        • I draw with my pen.
        • I found differences by contrasting the two.
      • 从句：
        • She looks at me as if she knows me.
        • He finished the work as I told him to.

PS: 状语从句是存在于简单句(主谓宾)之外的.

他昨天为了庆祝生日在车库里举办了一个生日派对，虽然他都快没钱了.
He held a birthdayparty yestoday in the carport in order to celebrate his birthday, although he is almost out of money.